Entradas relacionadas
Present perfect continuous
Tiempos verbales
1. El present perfect continuous
El present perfect continuous es un tiempo verbal que en español equivale a la forma verbal: yo he estado comiendo, tú has estado comiendo, él ha estado comiendo...
They've been playing all afternoon.
Han estado jugando toda la tarde.
He's been practicing for two hours.
Ha estado ensayando durante dos horas.
2. ¿Cómo se construye el present perfect continuous?
- La forma afirmativa
Subject Auxiliar Been Verb (-ing) Examples I have
'vebeen waiting I have been waiting for two hours. (yo) He estado esperando durante dos horas. You You have been waiting for two hours. (tú) Has estado esperando durante dos horas. He has
'sHe has been waiting for two hours. (él) Ha estado esperando durante dos horas. She She has been waiting for two hours. (ella) Ha estado esperando durante dos horas. It It has been waiting for two hours. ( ello) Ha estado esperando durante dos horas.We have
'veWe have been waiting for two hours. (nosotros/as) Hemos estado esperando durante dos horas. You You have been waiting for two hours. (vosotros/as) Habéis estado esperando durante dos horas. They They have been waiting for two hours. (ellos/as) Han estado esperando durante dos horas. - La forma negativa
Subject Auxiliar Been Verb (-ing) Examples I have not
haven'tbeen waiting I haven't been waiting for two hours. (yo) No he estado esperando durante dos horas. You You haven't been waiting for two hours. (tú) No has estado esperando durante dos horas. He has not
hasn'tHe hasn't been waiting for two hours. (él) No ha estado esperando durante dos horas. She She hasn't been waiting for two hours. (ella) No ha estado esperando durante dos horas. It It hasn't been waiting for two hours. ( ello) No ha estado esperando durante dos horas.We have not
haven'tWe haven't been waiting for two hours. (nosotros/as) No hemos estado esperando durante dos horas. You You haven't been waiting for two hours. (vosotros/as) No habéis estado esperando durante dos horas. They They haven't been waiting for two hours. (ellos/as) No han estado esperando durante dos horas. - La forma interrogativa
Auxiliar Subject Been Verb (-ing) Examples Have I been waiting? Have I been waiting for two hours? (yo) ¿He estado esperando durante dos horas? you Have you been waiting for two hours? (tú) ¿Has estado esperando durante dos horas? Has he Has he been waiting for two hours? (él) ¿Ha estado esperando durante dos horas? she Has she been waiting for two hours? (ella) ¿Ha estado esperando durante dos horas? it Has she been waiting for two hours? ( ello) ¿Ha estado esperando durante dos horas?Have we Have we been waiting for two hours? (nosotros/as) ¿Hemos estado esperando durante dos horas? you Have you been waiting for two hours? (vosotros/as) ¿Habéis estado esperando durante dos horas? they Have they been waiting for two hours? (ellos/as) ¿Han estado esperando durante dos horas?
Al igual que el resto de tiempos verbales, las oraciones interrogativas en present perfect continuous también cuentan con sus propias respuestas cortas.
| Adverb | Subject | Auxiliar |
|---|---|---|
| Yes, | I | have |
| you | ||
| he | has | |
| she | ||
| it | ||
| we | have | |
| you | ||
| they |
| Adverb | Subject | Auxiliar |
|---|---|---|
| No, | I | haven't |
| you | ||
| he | hasn't | |
| she | ||
| it | ||
| we | haven't | |
| you | ||
| they |
- Have they been training until now?
- ¿Han estado entrenando hasta ahora?
- Yes, they have.
- Sí.
3. ¿Cómo se utiliza el present perfect continuous?
El present perfect continuous se utiliza para:
- Expresar una acción que empezó en el pasado y todavía continúa en el presente.
I've been trying to sleep for half an hour.Llevo media hora intentando dormir.En este ejemplo se puede observar otra posible traducción del present perfect continuous al español.
The turkey's been cooking for a good while.El pavo se ha estado cocinando durante un buen rato. - Expresar una acción que empezó en el pasado y que acaba de terminar. Normalmente se puede ver un resultado en el presente.
I'm tired. I've been correcting exams.Estoy cansada. He estado corrigiendo exámenes.En este ejemplo, acaba de terminar de corregir, por lo tanto la acción ha acabado recientemente. Además, hay un resultado en el presente el cual es que está cansada.
She's been picking cherries.Ha estado cogiendo cerezas.En este ejemplo, el resultado es la cesta con cerezas y la acción de cogerlas acaba de terminar.
El present perfect continuous no se utiliza con state verbs.
¡Recuerda!
El tiempo verbal present perfect continuous es un tiempo verbal que en español equivale a la forma verbal: yo he estado comiendo, tú has estado comiendo, él ha estado comiendo...
| Form | Structure | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| AFFIRMATIVE | Sujeto + have / has + been + verbo (gerundio) + complemento | The baby has been sleeping for two hours. El bebé lleva durmiendo dos horas. |
| NEGATIVE | Sujeto + have / has + not + been + verbo (gerundio) + complemento | You're wrong; I haven't been playing computer games all afternoon. Te equivocas, no he estado jugando a juegos de ordenador toda la tarde. |
| INTERROGATIVE | Have / has + subject + been + verbo (gerundio) + complemento | You are soaking wet. What have you been doing? Estás empapado. ¿Qué has estado haciendo? |